It depends on weight, life stage and food type rather than on breed. The standard method calculates resting energy needs from body weight, multiplies by a life-stage factor that is higher for growing puppies and lower for a neutered adult or a dog losing weight, then converts calories into grams using the calorie density of your specific food. Your own bag's label is more accurate than any average.
By calories, then cross-checked against body weight. Raw food is mostly moisture at roughly 1.6 kcal per gram, so the gram amount is several times larger than the kibble equivalent, while freeze-dried is around 4.7 kcal per gram and the amount is smaller. Raw feeders usually land between 2 and 3 percent of body weight per day for an adult, so if the calorie calculation falls well outside that band, check your food's actual calorie density.
By weight. A cup is a volume, and the same cup of two different kibbles can differ by 20 percent or more in calories because the pieces differ in size and density. Scoops also get packed differently depending on who is feeding. A cheap digital kitchen scale removes the drift, which matters because eyeballed portions creep upward across a week without anyone noticing.
Two is standard for an adult. Puppies under about four months usually do better on three or four smaller meals, because their stomachs are small and their energy needs are high. For a large, deep-chested doodle, splitting the daily amount across two or more meals rather than one large one is also a sensible precaution against bloat. The daily total is what matters; the split is about comfort and risk.